张掖盆地地下水硝酸盐污染与人体健康风险评价     

盛丹睿  温小虎  冯起  武君  司建华  吴敏 《中国沙漠》2019,39(5):37-44

地下水是张掖盆地的重要水资源，其硝酸盐污染尚未得到足够重视。对张掖盆地2004、2015年地下水硝酸盐浓度进行了系统分析，并采用美国环境保护署（USEPA）推荐的健康风险评价模型评估了地下水硝酸盐的健康风险。结果表明：自2004年以来张掖盆地地下水硝酸盐污染日趋严重。2015年硝酸盐浓度最高已达到283.32 mg·L^-1，17.61%的采样点硝酸盐氮浓度超过GB5749-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》中饮用地下水限量值（20 mg·L^-1）。研究区人群经皮肤接触途径摄入硝酸盐的健康风险在可接受水平，而饮水摄入硝酸盐的健康风险较高，总风险中饮水途径引起健康风险的贡献率占99.40%，远大于皮肤接触途径。儿童经饮水摄入和皮肤接触两种途径的健康风险均显著高于成人，分别为成人的1.544倍和1.039倍。32.39%的采样点地下水硝酸盐对儿童的健康风险超出了可接受水平，14.79%的采样点地下水硝酸盐对成人的健康风险不可接受。甘州区城区、临泽县北部边缘及高台县城区周围硝酸盐浓度最高，这些区域内所有人群都面临硝酸盐引发的高健康风险，其余区域硝酸盐引发的健康风险相对较低。  相似文献   

基于ROMS和4DVAR的沿轨与网格化SSH数据同化效果评价   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

周超杰  丁效华  张杰  杨俊刚  马强 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(9):50-58

Remote sensing products are significant in the data assimilation of an ocean model. Considering the resolution and space coverage of different remote sensing data, two types of sea surface height(SSH) product are employed in the assimilation, including the gridded products from AVISO and the original along-track observations used in the generation. To explore their impact on the assimilation results, an experiment focus on the South China Sea(SCS) is conducted based on the Regional Ocean Modeling System(ROMS) and the four-dimensional variational data assimilation(4 DVAR) technology. The comparison with EN4 data set and Argo profile indicates that, the along-track SSH assimilation result presents to be more accurate than the gridded SSH assimilation, because some noises may have been introduced in the merging process. Moreover, the mesoscale eddy detection capability of the assimilation results is analyzed by a vector geometry–based algorithm. It is verified that, the assimilation of the gridded SSH shows superiority in describing the eddy's characteristics, since the complete structure of the ocean surface has been reconstructed by the original data merging.  相似文献   

Prediction of Blast-Induced Rock Movement During Bench Blasting: Use of Gray Wolf Optimizer and Support Vector Regression     

Yu  Zhi  Shi  Xiuzhi  Zhou  Jian  Chen  Xin  Miao  Xiaohu  Teng  Bing  Ipangelwa  Timo 《Natural Resources Research》2020,29(2):843-865

Natural Resources Research - A large ore loss and dilution can be expected when using a pre-blast ore boundary for shovel guidance because of the movement and re-distribution of ore in the muck...  相似文献   

Erratum: Towards cosmological concordance on galactic scales     

Frank C. van den Bosch  H. J. Mo  Xiaohu Yang 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2004,348(2):736-736

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Composition and sources of biomarkers from surface sediment in Qiyi glacier,Qilian Mountains     

LI Quan-lian  WANG Ning-lian  WU Xiao-bo  PU Jian-chen  HE Jian-qiao  JIANG Xi 《地球化学》2008,37(6)

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真空堆载联合预压加固软基中孔隙水压力消散规律研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘运涛  张云  蒲晓芳  高倚山  孙亚哲 《水文地质工程地质》2008,35(2):71-75

通过实测资料分析了真空堆载联合预压中不同深度的孔隙水压力、超孔隙水压力、相对超孔隙水压力随时间的变化规律,并对孔压变化的原因进行了微观解释。结果表明:(1)处理区外侧,孔压变化主要由地下水位下降引起,受真空影响较小;(2)在处理区内,孔压变化受真空负压、土体渗透性和堆载荷载的影响。真空作用下的渗流是孔压消散的主要方式,土体渗透性的强弱影响着孔压消散的速度,消散的孔压转化成有效应力,促使土颗粒移动,对孔隙水产生挤压,这使孔压消散呈脉动性特征。  相似文献   

贵州镇远金堡铅锌矿区地质构造特征及找矿前景     

刘灵  蒲开兴  王铭松  沈成思 《贵州地质》2008,25(2)

金堡铅锌矿区位于扬子准地台与华南褶皱带的接触带上,属典型的断裂控矿.根据控矿断裂与矿体的关系,可把该区断裂分为成矿前、成矿期、成矿后三期,并初步确定成矿期为加里东期和燕山期;按照矿床矿石矿物的组合、结构构造,相互关系及形态特点,又将成矿期识别为黄铁矿-石英阶段、石英-多金属矿化阶段、碳酸盐-多金属矿化3个成矿阶段.本文试图从区域和矿区构造分析研究入手,进行找矿前景分析.  相似文献   

0421号热带风暴"海马"登陆前后环境场对其移向和强度影响的分析     

赵凯  濮梅娟 《台湾海峡》2005,24(3):370-376

0421号热带风暴“海马(Haima)”于2004年9月13日12:00在浙江省温州市沿海登陆,登陆后迅速减弱为热带低压,20:00在浙江境内消失.本研究采用物理量诊断分析法,探讨该热带风暴登陆前后涡度场、湿焓场变化对其移向和强度的影响.结果表明,该热带风暴登陆后,涡度(ξ)明显减弱.涡度局地变化(ξ/t)值分布显示,风暴移动方向的后方,涡度减弱的趋势比前方涡度增大的趋势更剧烈;风暴有向其外围(ξ/t)正值中心(即涡度增幅最大)移动的趋势.该热带风暴登陆前、后,湿焓都增大,但登陆后湿焓增大趋势已大大减弱;风暴有向湿焓局地变化(E/t)正值中心移动的趋势,即向能量增强最大的方向移动.  相似文献   

水动力作用下管道稳定性的试验研究   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

高福平  顾小芸等 《海洋工程》2001,19(2):56-60

利用振荡流水槽在以下两种约束条件下，研究波浪作用下直接铺设于砂质海底的管道失稳临界条件：1）管道两端自由；2）管道可水平、垂直自由运动，但流动受到限制。试验结果表明，管重无量纳数G与管道失稳的临界Fr数之间大致呈线性关系，而当G超过一定数值时，管道是侧向稳定的。管道的约束条件、砂床特性和加载速度对管道稳定性均有影响。  相似文献   

In-Situ Observation of Fluid Mud in the North Passage of Yangtze Estuary, China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李九发  万新宁何青应铭  时连强S.M.Hutchinson 《中国海洋工程》2004,18(1):149-156

Observations of fluid mud were made in the lower North Passage of the Yangtze Estuary in February 2000, on 10 -11 August 2000, on 30 - 31 August 2000 (after two strong typhoons), on 21 - 24 August 2000 (neap tide) and on 3 -6 September 2000 (mean tide) respectively. In situ data show that the fluid mud in this area consists of fine cohesive sediment (median size 7.23 μm). The formation and movement of fluid mud varied during the neap-spring and flood-ebb tidal cycle. Observations suggest that fluid mud phenomena in this area may be categorised in a three-fold manner as slack water, storm and saltwedge features. The thickness of the fluid mud layer of slack water during the neap tide ranged from 0.2 to 0.96 m, whereas during the mean tide, the thickness ranged from 0.17 to 0.73 m, and the thickness of the fluid mud layer was larger during slack water than at the flood peak. Shoals cover an area of 800 km^2 with a water depth smaller than 5 m. Erosion of these extensive intertidal mudflats due to storm action provides an abundant sediment source. This is particularly significant in this estuary when the tidal level is lower than 5 m. The lower North Passage is a typical zone of saltwater wedging, so the saltwedge fluid mud has the most extensive spatial range in the estuary.  相似文献